Hunting for missing files?

Computer problem: You must have faced computer problems hundreds of times. Hunting for missing files, especially a .dll that has just task. At a free DLL you can search alphabetically and its tutorials will guide you if you are picking a wrong file. All downloads at www.afreedll.com are free.

Hacking Techniques

Hacking Techniques
Attackers
Hackers
Spies
Terrorists
Insider
Prof. Crimminaly
Vandals
Objectives
Challange, Status
Political Gain
Financial Gain
Damage
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Hacking Techniques
Script Kiddies
Hackers
Geek
Stupid Users
Automated Scripts / Viruses / Botnet / Spam
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Hacking Techniques
- High profile targets:
– Banks
– Military
– Universities
– Telecom / internet Provide
–Private PC’s / Enduser
– Botnet
– Spam
– Homebanking Data
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Hacking Techniques
Most often Security problems:
(Source: CSI/FBI Computer Crime and Security Survey)
Virus
Insider
theft Laptop
Deial of Service
Unauthorised
WLAN
Hacking
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Hacking Techniques
➤Network based System Hacking
➤Web Server Hacking
➤Physically enter the Target Building
➤WLAN (Wireless LAN) Hacking
➤War Dialling
➤Sniffing
➤Social Engineering
➤Viruses
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Exercise:
– physical access = root rights –
1. Interupt the bootloader by pressing >> e <<
2. Select the kernel line and press >> e <<
3. add >> init=/bin/bash << to the kernel line
4. kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.8 root=/dev/hda4 ro init=/bin/bash
5. Press >> Enter <<
6. Press >> b << to boot
7. mount –o remount,rw /dev/hda4
8. passwd hamm ( password: test123)
9. passwd (password: test123)
10.sync
11.mount –o remount,ro /dev/hda4
12.shutdown –rn now
13.Login as user hamm & launch vmware; start all VM from top down
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Hacking Techniques
1. Reconnaissance
2. Scanning
3. Gaining Access
4. Maintaining Access
5. Clearing Tracks
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Footprinting
– Information Gathering –
➤ visit targets’ websites
➤ review HTML Code, JavaScript and Comments & robots.txt
➤ search for passwords, hidden directories, contact names
➤ Dumpster Diving
Quotation Bill Gates in: Susan Lammers; Programmers at Work
Tempus Books; Reissue Edition, 1989
„No, the best way to prepare is to write programs, and to study
great programs that other people have written. In my case, I went
to the garbage cans at the Computer Science Centre and I fished
out listings of their operating system.“
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Footprinting
– Information Gathering –
➤ whois request at the Network Information Centre
– receive information about IP address ranges
– Names and EMail addresses of responsibles
whois -h whois.dns.lu linuxdays.lu
domainname: linuxdays.lu
nserver: arthur.tudor.lu
nserver: dorado.tudor.lu
org-name: Centre de Recherche Public Henri Tudor
adm-email: pierre.plumer@crpht.lu
tec-name: Xavier Detro
tec-email: xavier.detro@tudor.lu
Important whois domains:
- RIPE (Europe & N-Africa) – APNIC (Asia Pacific)
- ARIN (N-America & S-Africa) – LACNIC (Latin America)
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Footprinting
– Exercise Information Gathering –
➤ DNS Lookup
– use nslookup tools to receive informations about DNS-
& EMAIL Server, looking for names like Oracle, TestLinux, ….
– try a zone transfer
➤ Footprinting by DNS: nslookup(1); host(1); dig(1);
# nslookup
> server 192.168.22.22
> www.mumm.lu
> set type=mx
> mumm.lu
> set type=any
> mumm.lu
> ls –d mumm.lu # try zone transfer
> exit
# dig @192.168.22.22 mumm.lu axfr # Zonetransfer
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Footprinting
– Information Gathering –
➤whois tools:
– Sam Spade www.samspade.org
– Smart Whois www.tamos.com
– Netscan www.netscantools.com
– GTWhois www.geektools.com
– http://www.all-nettools.com/toolbox
➤DNS must reads:
– RFC 1912 Common DNS Errors
– RFC 2182 Secondary DNS Servers
– RFC 2219 Use of DNS Aliases
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Footprinting
– Information Gathering –
➤ footprinting @ google
➤ news group articles of employees @<targetdomain>
➤ search business partners link:<targetdomain>
➤ site:<targetdomain> intitle:index.of
➤ site:<targetdomain> error | warning
➤ site:<targetdomain> login | logon
➤ site:<targetdomain> username | userid
➤ site:<targetdomain> password
➤ site:<targetdomain> admin | administrator
➤ site:<targetdomain> inurl:backup | inurl:bak
➤ site:<targetdomain> intranet
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Google Hacking
– Introduction –
The Beginnings:
www.theregister.co.uk/2001/11/28/the_google_attack_engine/
Link points to a Switch of a .gov Network
Google not 'hackers' best friend‘ — ww.vnunet.com/News/1127162
Index.of +banques +filetype:xls
Johnny (I hack stuff) Long
‘Google Hacking for Penetration Testers’
Google Hacking Database http://johnny.ihackstuff.com
12.03.2006 Chicago Tribune
http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/70752
2600 CIA Agents discovered via Search Engine
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Google Hacking
– Introduction –
What to know:
Advanced Operands:
site:<domainname>
inurl:<path>
filetype:<xls|doc|pdf|mdb|ppt|rtf|…….>
intitle:<keyword>
intext:<keyword>
…… Google as an ‘
Anonymous Proxy’
Google Cache
&strip=1
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Google Hacking
– Introduction –
What to know:
The Power of combining Advanced Operands:
site:heise.de –site:www.heise.de
– shows all websites NOT from the official Webserver
– maps nre hostnames without contacting target network
– wap.heise.de, chat.heise.de, www.tb.heise.de, …
Offline Analysis of the search result:
– www.sensepost.com/research_misc.html
– SOAP Google API
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Google Hacking
– Introduction –
What to find:
The Google Hacking Database (johnny.ihackstuff.com):
– Directory Listings à Hidden/Private Files
intitle:index.of ‘parent directory’
intitle:index.of.admin
intitle:index.of inurl:admin
intitle:index.of ws_ftp.log
– Error Messages of Scripts
‘Fatal error: call to undefined function’
–reply –the –next
‘Warning: Failed opening’ include_path
– Search for vulnerable Scripts
inurl:guestbook/guestbooklist.asp
‘Post Date’ ‘From Country’
– Search for Backups
filetype:bak inurl:php.bak
filetype:bak inurl:php.bak
– Search for:
— Printers; — Webcams; — Intranet Sites;
— Network Tools Ntop, MRTG; — Databases
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Google Hacking
– Exercise –
Livecycle of a Google Hack:
1. Security Problem deicovered on online product;
2. Analyse online product
3. Find typical string
4. Create a google request
5. Find vulnerable websites
Examples:
– inurl:php.bak mysql_connect mysql_select_db
– ext:pwd inurl:(service | authors | administrators | users)
"# -FrontPage-“
– "index of/" "ws_ftp.ini" "parent directory“
– !Host=*.* intext:enc_UserPassword=* ext:pcf
– "admin account info" filetype:log
– enable password | secret "current configuration“
-intext:the
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Preparation
anonymity doesn’t exist
➤ break systems in different countries / time zones
➤ install network multipurpose tools like netcat or backdoors
➤ hop from host to host to get anonymity
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Hacking Techniques
1. Reconnaissance
2. Scanning
3. Gaining Access
4. Maintaining Access
5. Clearing Tracks
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Scanning
– Goals –
➤ mapping of the target network
➤ use system tools like traceroute & ping
➤ Visual Tools: NeoTrace (Visual Trace) & Visual Route
➤ finding the range of IP addresses
➤ discerning the subnet mask
➤ identify network devices like firewalls & routers
➤ identify servers
➤ mapping of the reachable services
➤ detecting `live` hosts on target network
➤ discovering services / listening ports / portscan; nmap;
➤ identifying operating system & services
➤ identify application behind services & patch level
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Scanning
– Network Mapping –
Nmap: find living hosts
$ su –
# ns_mumm
# cat /etc/resolve.conf
# nmap –sL www.mumm.lu/27 # List Scan
(only do nslookup for the IP rage)
# nmap –-packet_trace –sP www.mumm.lu/27 # ICMP/TCP
(send ICMP Echo Request and ACK to Port 80
if RST is received à host is alive / unfiltered )
# nmap –n –P0 –sU –g 53 –p 53 –T polite www.mumm.lu/27
( UDP Scans are alomost NOT usefully; -g 53 = sourceport
-P0 = don’t PingScan first; -T polite = scan speed)
-sF, -sX, -sN, –sA, # not usable
FIN-, XMAS-, Null-, ACK- Scan # today
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Scanning
– Port Scanning –
Nmap: port scan (connect scan)
# nmap –n –sT –P0 –p 80 192.168.22.21,22,24
# nmap –n –sT –P0 –p 110 192.168.22.21,22,24
SYN
SYN/ACK
ACK
SYN
RST/ACK
RST/ACK
Port open
Port closed
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Scanning
– Port Scanning –
Nmap: port scan (stealth scan)
# nmap –n –sS –P0 –p 80 192.168.22.21,22,24
# nmap –n –sS –P0 –p 110 192.168.22.21,22,24
SYN
SYN/ACK
RST
SYN
RST/ACK
Port open
Port closed
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Scanning
– Port Scanning –
Nmap: port scan
# nmap –n –sT –P0 –p 20-25,80,443 192.168.22.21,22,24
# nmap –n –sS –P0 –p 20-25,80,443 192.168.22.21,22,24
Techniques to stay anonymous:
silent scan:
# nmap –n –sT –P0 –T sneaky –p 20-25,80 192.168.22.22
fragmentation scan
# nmap –n –P0 –f –p 20-25,80 192.168.22.22
decoy scan
# nmap –n -P0 –D 1.1.1.1,2.2.2.2,ME,3.3.3.3 –p 80 <host>
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Scanning
– Exercise –
Scan the MUMM.LU network:
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Advanced Scanning
– IP-ID Idle Scan –
Exercise: Who the hell is scanning you?
target perform:
# tcpdump –n –i eth0 host 192.168.4.<your IP Address>
attacker perform: (idle_scan)
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Advanced Scanning
– IP-ID Idle Scan –
- based on IP-ID prediction
- example with hping2 –SA –p 80 –c 5 <switch ip>
- all packets have Fragment-ID Number
- every new packet increases the IP ID Number
- by most systems IP ID + 1
- this is exploitable
- by monitoring the IP ID value of a host
- you know how many packets he sends
- this could be abused for zombie port scanning
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Advanced Scanning
– IP-ID Idle Scan –
Step 1: A) send SYN/ACK to Zombie
B) investigate the answer IPID
C) repeate A) and B) multiple times, verify quality of Zombie
IP-ID Probe -> SYN/ACK
Response -> RST; IPID=3
IP-ID Probe -> SYN/ACK Zombie
Response -> RST; IPID=4
IP-ID Probe -> SYN/ACK
Response -> RST; IPID=5
IP-ID Probe -> SYN/ACK
Response -> RST; IPID=2
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Advanced Scanning
– IP-ID Idle Scan –
Step 2: A) Send SYN to target BUT spoof the Source IP Adress,
claim to be the Zombie
B) open port: Target send SYN/ACK to Zombie
C) open port: Zombie send RST and increase IPID to Target
SYN;
Port=80;
SRC IP = <zombie>
SYN/ACK
Zombie
Target
RST; IPID=6
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Advanced Scanning
– IP-ID Idle Scan –
Step 2: A) Send SYN to target BUT spoof the Source IP Adress,
claim to be the Zombie
B) close port: Target simply send a RST to the Zombie
SYN;
Port=80;
SRC IP = <zombie>
RST
Zombie
Target
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Advanced Scanning
– IP-ID Idle Scan –
Step 3: A) send SYN/ACK to Zombie
B) investigate the answer IPID
If IPID = 6 à port was close
If IPID = 7 à port was open
IP-ID Probe -> SYN/ACK
Response -> RST; IPID=7
Zombie
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Advanced Scanning
– IP-ID Idle Scan –
IP ID Idle Scan with nmap
# nmap –n –P0 –p20-25,80,443 –sI <zombie> <target>
# nmap –n –P0 –p20-25,80,443 –sI 10.10.10.10 10.10.11.11
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Scanning
– Identifying Services –
Banner Grabbing & Version Mapping:
- What services are bound to the port:
– identifying service / protocoll;
– identifying Server-Software;
– identifying Version Number;
– identifying additional Modules etc.
automatic approach
# nmap –n –p 20-25,80,443 –sV 192.168.22.22,25
# nmap –n –p 20-25,80,443 –oM scan1 192.168.22.22,25
# amap –B –i scan1
# amap –i scan1
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Scanning
– Identifying Services –
Banner Grabbing & Version Mapping:
manual approach with Netcat
# nc 192.168.22.22 22
# nc 192.168.22.22 80
HEAD / HTTP/1.0
# nc 192.168.22.21 21
# nc 192.168.22.21 80
HEAD / HTTP/1.0
OS Detection
# nmap –O 192.168.22.22,25
# xprobe2 192.168.22.22
# xprobe2 –p tcp:443:open 192.168.22.22
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Hacking Techniques
1. Reconnaissance
2. Scanning
3. Gaining Access
4. Maintaining Access
5. Clearing Tracks
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Gaining Access
– Where are we now –
At this point we know (without doing something illegal at all):
– Targets business (products, partners, emplyees)
– overview of the network topology
– overview of live servers and open ports
– services in use, server-software, version numbers
How to proceed:
– is there a known vulnerability
– do we know a vulnerability
– known configuration problems
– default passwords
prepare attack
– research on internet for known security holes
– default passwords; common misconfigurations
– setup a test environment to practice the attack
– ideal: fire one single attack
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Gaining Access
– prepare attack –
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Gaining Access
– prepare attack –
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Gaining Access
– prepare attack –
01./02.02.2007 linuxdays.lu 2007 42
Gaining Access
– prepare attack –

Go to >>>>>2

How can I Modify SHELL32.DLL(Do it ur self)

Modify SHELL32.DLL in safe-mode (the easy way)
This one is straight from Patrick C. – Thanks!
However from an earlier fix I was successful in changing the shell32.dll without crashing win2k. The fact of the matter is simple. turn off the SFC. here is the key.

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon
Value is SFCDisable
REG_DWORD
Change it from 0 (enable)
to the 4294967197 (decimal) which is 0xffffff9d (hex) (duh -Ed)

• Then you need to go into Safemode with command prompt
  
• At the prompt type CD winnt\system32 then type copy shell32.dll newshell32.dll
• Then boot back into normal windows
• Modify the icons in the newshell32.dll file you made using an editor that can deal with the dlls
• Save it and once more switch to Safemode
• At the prompt type CD winnt\system32
• then type ren shell32.dll oldshell32.dll (ren is the DOS rename utility)
• teh type ren newshell32.dll shell32.dll
• Then boot back into normal windows
• Then you can turn the SFCDisable back on and your done

missing general tab in Internet Explorer(Fix It ur self)

A friend asked about missing general tab in Internet Explorer
which contains buttons to clear history and stuff.
Here is how to bring general tab back
CLICK START BUTTON > CLICK ON RUN or (WinKey + R) & type in “regedit”
this will take you to your registry, where you have to go to repair the issue. Once there, on the left side there go to the following…
Click on HKEY_CURRENT_USER>Software>Policies>Microsoft>Internet Explorer>Control Panel On the right side there is data “GeneralTab“.
After GeneralTab is REG_SZ and then is value 0 or something.
Right click entry “GeneralTab” and click modify.
Then write 0×00000000 (0) at Value data.
Click ok and close window.
Open internet explorer and general is visible again.
Enjoy your privacy.

Top 20 Tips To Keep Your System Faster

Follow these tips and you will definitely have a much faster and more reliable PC! Most of the below tips works for windows 98 1. Wallpapers: They slow your whole system down, so if you're willing to compromise, have a basic plain one instead!
2. Drivers: Update your hardware drivers as frequently as possible. New drivers tend to increase system speed especially in the case of graphics cards, their drivers are updated by the manufacturer very frequently! 3. Minimizing: If you want to use several programs at the same time then minimize those you are not using. This helps reduce the overload on RAM.
4. Boot Faster: The 'starting Windows 95/98' message on startup can delay your booting for a couple of seconds. To get rid of this message go to c:\ and find the file Msdos.sys. Remove the Read-Only option. Next, open it in Notepad or any other text editor. Finally, go to the text 'Options' within the file and make the following changes: Add BootDelay=0. To make your booting even faster, set add Logo=0 to remove the Windows logo at startup. 5. Restart only Windows: When restarting your PC, hold down Shift to only restart Windows rather than the whole system which will only take a fraction of the time. 6. Turn Off Animations: Go to Display Settings from the Control Panel and switch to the Effects Tab. Now turn off Show Windows Content While Dragging and Smooth Edges on Screen Fonts. This tip is also helpful with Windows XP because of the various fade/scroll effects. 7. Faster Start-Menu Access: Go to the Start menu and select Run. Now type Regedit and hit Enter. The Registry Editor will appear on the screen. Now, open the folder HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Desktop. You should see a MenuShowDelay value. If you don't then do the following: right click on a blank space in the right pane and select New\String. Change the name in the new value to MenuShowDelay. Now that we have the MenuShowDelay value, double click on it and enter 0 in the value data field. This sets the start menu delay to 0 milliseconds.
8. Resolutions: If you are willing to do anything for faster performance from your PC, then try lowering your display resolution. The lower it is, the faster your PC. 9. Turn off Active Desktop: Go to your Display Properties and switch to the Web tab. Uncheck View My Active Desktop As a Web Page. Since the Active Desktop option under Windows 98 uses a lot of system resources, this option can have a dramatic effect on the speed of the whole system. 10. Defragment Often: Windows 98's Defrag tool uses Application Acceleration from Intel which means that when you defragment your drive, data is physically arranged on the drive so that applications will load faster. 11. Take your PC to Bed: Using the Advanced Power Management feature under Windows 98 gives you the option to use the sleep command. That way, you can send your PC to sleep instead of shutting it down and then restarting it. It's as simple as pressing a button and then pressing the same button to wake it up. You can tell Windows after how many minutes/hours of inactivity to automatically sleep the machine in the Advanced Power Management section of the Control Panel. 12. Faster Internet Access: If you use the internet for reference and the sites you visit are rarely updated then try the following. In IE (the same can be done in Netscape) go to Tools, Internet Options. Next, click on Settings… in the Temporary Internet Files section. Finally, select Never for the first option and double the amount of storage space to use, click OK! 13. Benchmarking: Benchmarking can be very useful when run frequently. It can tell you how your PC's components are performing and then compare them to other machines like yours. For example, when you overclock your PC, you want to know how much more speed you have and whether it is stable. All this and more can be discovered using benchmarking. An excellent piece of software for doing this job is SiSoft Sandra which can be found in the Downloads File Archive!
14. Refresh the Taskbar without restarting: If you in some way change the taskbar, either in Regedit or elsewhere, you can refresh the task bar without restarting. Hold down Ctrl Alt Del, and double click on Explorer. Say Yes to close Explorer, but no to closing Windows. This will refresh the Taskbar and system tray. 15. Quick CD Eject: Instead of pushing the button on your drive, right-click your CD drive letter in My Computer and click on Eject. This will also remove any icons that have become associated with the CD drive. 16. Start Up Programs: Windows can be slowed down when programs run on start up. To eliminate this, check your Start up folder. You can access it from the start menu: Start, Programs, Start Up. Another way to eliminate programs from loading even before Windows actually starts is by doing the following: Click on Start, then Run. Type msconfig. It will take quite a long time for this program to load, but when you finally see it on your screen, explore the different tabs. They all have to do with how quickly your PC boots, so select what you want, and uncheck what you don't want! 17. Fonts: When Windows starts, it loads every single font in the Fonts folder. Therefore, the more fonts you have, the slower the booting process. To get rid of unwanted fonts, simply go to the Fonts folder under c:\windows and remove whatever you don't want. Fonts that have a red letter 'A' as their icon are system fonts, so don't delete them. 18. Stretching Wallpapers: Don't "stretch" your wallpaper in Windows 98 since it actually slows Windows down when you drag icons around on the desktop. 19. RAM Matters: If you have less than 32MB then you should seriously think of upgrading it to at least 64MB. Windows runs much more smoothly with 64MB or higher and tends to use less hard disk space for virtual memory. 20. Partitioning: A very nice little thing you can do to boost system performance. By partitioning your hard drive, splitting one physical drive into several logical ones, you can gain several advantages. 1. If you get a virus or you accidentally format a drive, not all will be lost. 2. By placing the swap file (Win386.swp) on a separate drive, The swap file will be less fragmented and thus, faster. 3. Place Windows on a separate drive and whenever you need to reinstall it, you rest assured that your data is safe on a separate drive. Partitioning can be done using a few programs such as FDisk which comes with DOS. However, FDisk formats everything on the hard disk before partitioning. Alternatively, you can use Partition Magic from Power Quest to partition your hard disk without losing your data.

You tube and Google video Hacks

As we all know that none of the video sharing sites provide a link to download their videos. So we will have to do some tweaking and play around to download the videos. Here are some ways to download any video from the internet , they are based on the common hack (Right-click -> "Save Target As" OR copy the link into your download manager, but change the file extension to .flv)

Method 1: For Firefox Users – Install the VideoDownloader Extension from Mozilla Add-ons website – It downloads all embedded objects on a webpage including the video clips. This is very easy for beginners.
Youtube Links, Download, google video Links, Youtube songs, google Video songs, download from Youtube & google Video.
Method 2: One of the easiest ways is to copy your video URL and paste it on KeepVid Lite. When you click submit, you will be provided with a link to save the video as an FLV file. Using these tricks you can easily download videos from Youtube or Google Videos or Metacafe.
Youtube Links, Download, google video Links, Youtube songs, google Video songs, download from Youtube & google Video.
Now some more questions that arise are:
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How do I play FLV files on my computer – They dont open with windows media player or winamp or itunes or real player ?
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You can download free FLV players to watch FLV files locally. A good FLV player has a simple and easy-to-remember name – FLV Player. Another nice alternative is the Riva FLV player.Try them out.
How do I split a large FLV file into smaller playable video clips?
Youtube Links, Download, google video Links, Youtube songs, google Video songs, download from Youtube & google Video.
This is the most common question among video enthusiasts – they want to split a large FLV video file into smaller chunks for editing or resharing only the interesting tidbits on the internet. To break an FLV file, get the free FLV Parser – a tiny command-line tool to split FLVs into pieces. Its intended use is to convert a large FLV into a series of shorter FLVs based on a series of millisecond-based timecodes. Using the -s switch will split the audio and video of the outputted files; the audio track will be extracted as a series of MP3 files, and the short FLVs produced will have no audio track at all.
Youtube Links, Download, google video Links, Youtube songs, google Video songs, download from Youtube & google Video.
How to convert FLV videos to Windows AVI or Quicktime MOV or 3GP formats ?
Youtube Links, Download, google video Links, Youtube songs, google Video songs, download from Youtube & google Video.
The free Simplified Universal Player Encoder & Renderer software from Super can convert FLV files to practically any other video format including MP4, MOV H.264, AVI, ASF or Flash SWF animations. Super video convertor
Youtube Links, Download, google video Links, Youtube songs, google Video songs, download from Youtube & google Video.
How do I convert my AVI, MPEG, MOV, 3GP movie clips back to FLV format ?
Youtube Links, Download, google video Links, Youtube songs, google Video songs, download from Youtube & google Video.
Say you complete editing your movie in Windows Movie Maker or Avid and now left with an MOV file that you want to convert to FLV. Just get the free Riva FLV encoder and relax. The Riva encoder even lets you select parts of the video that you want to convert to FLV and crop the rest.
Youtube Links, Download, google video Links, Youtube songs, google Video songs, download from Youtube & google Video. I have three small video clips that I download from Google Videos and now want to join them into one single video -How do I merge FLV files ? There is no free software that lets you join FLV files other than the expensive Macromedia Flash Professional. However, here's a simple trick to join several flv video files – convert individual flv files to avi using Super [as mentioned above], then join the multiple Avi files into a single avi file using free VirtualDub and finally convert this avi back to FLV using Riva FLV encoder.Its done.
Youtube Links, Download, google video Links, Youtube songs, google Video songs, download from Youtube & google Video.
How do I watch Youtube Video on my iPod, PSP or Television ?
Youtube Links, Download, google video Links, Youtube songs, google Video songs, download from Youtube & google Video.
Again we'll make use of the Super Video Encoder mentioned above. Just convert the FLV file into a corresponding format (like Apple iPod or Sony PSP or MPG) and transfer it to your gadget Youtube Links, Download, google video Links, Youtube songs, google Video songs, download from Youtube & google Video.

Top Ten Tips To Improve System Speed

1.Let your PC boot up completely before opening any applications. 2.Refresh the desktop after closing any application. This will remove any unused files from the RAM. 3.Do not set very large file size images as your wallpaper. Do not keep a wallpaper at all if your PC is low on RAM (less than 64 MB).

4.Do not clutter your Desktop with a lot of shortcuts. Each shortcut on the desktop uses up to 500 bytes of RAM 5.Empty the recycle bin regularly. The files are not really deleted from your hard drive until you empty the recycle bin. 6.Delete the temporary internet files regularly. 7.Defragment your hard drive once every two months. This will free up a lot of space on your hard drive and rearrange the files so that your applications run faster. 8.Always make two partitions in your hard drive. Install all large Softwares (like PSP, Photoshop, 3DS Max etc) in the second partition. Windows uses all the available empty space in C drive as virtual memory when your Computer RAM is full. Keep the C Drive as empty as possible.

9.When installing new Softwares disable the option of having a tray icon. The tray icons use up available RAM, and also slow down the booting of your PC. Also disable the option of starting the application automatically when the PC boots. You can disable these options later on also from the Tools or preferences menu in your application. 10. Protect your PC from dust. Dust causes the CPU cooling fan to jam and slow down thereby gradually heating your CPU and affecting the processing speed. Use compressed air to blow out any dust from the CPU. Never use vacuum. RAM IS THE WORKING AREA (DESKTOP) OF THE CPU, KEEP IT AS EMPTY AND UNCLUTTERED AS POSSIBLE!

Accessing banned sites (Orkut).

Access Orkut from anywhere

If you are in office or school or university campus where Orkut is blocked, either by the office administrator or by your organization then you can access it easily without any hassles. This can also be tried by users living in countries where Orkut is blocked by their ISP. There are 2 sites that can help:

1.Just go to www.mathtunnel.com and type in the name of any site you want to access. This works for Orkut and other blocked sites too.

2.There is one more site www.gravitywars.com .This is very good as it is updated regularly.

Even though the blocked sites can be accessed through proxy servers as I have discussed in my earlier post, but i have noticed that the sites for proxy servers is blocked at various places.

How can i Enable my RegistryEdit(Fix It)

Problem:-whenever i open regedit ,it shows it has been disabled by ur adminstrator …. hey i've made this Script 2 slv dis problem….

Try this script ___Click here to Download

How to Clone a Hard Drive

Did know that you could clone your current Hard Drive without having to by extra software? Maybe you didn't know that all that you needed, was already set up on your current system? Well, it is… and if you follow this tut, you shouldn't have much of a problem.

Make sure that you have a Master and a Slave setup on your system. The Slave drive, in this case, is where all the data on the Master is going to go to.

First: Perform a Scandisk your Master drive and follow that with a thorough Defrag. If you have an Antivirus program, do a thorough sweep with the AV first, then do the Scandisk, followed by the Defrag.

Second: Do the same thing to the target drive, as you did the Master: Scandisk then a thorough Defrag.

Third: Right-click on the Target drive and click on Format. When the box comes up, click your mouse onto the "Full" button.

Fourth: After Formatting the Target drive, run a Scandisk again and click on the button that says "Autofix Errors".

Fifth: In this final part, you might want to cut-and-paste to code in, unless you are sure that you can do it without making any mistakes:

Click on the "Start" button, then click on the "Run…" button, then place the following into the Runbox:

"XCOPY C:\*.*D:\ /c/h/e/k/r" (minus the quotes, of course) then press the "Enter" button.

If you receive an error message, then remove the space from between XCOPY and C:\

Anything that should happen to come up in the DOS box, just click "Y" for "Yes". When its all finished, pull the original Master from the system, designate the Slave as the Master (change your jumpers), then check your new Master out.

This tut has worked and has been tested on all systems except for Windows 2000, so you really shouldn't have any problems. If, by any chance, you should come across a snag, message me and I'll walk you through it.

~cheers~