Virtualizacion con XEN en debian

Como configurar un servidor debian 4.0 como dominio0 (máquina fisica) e instalar un debian como dominioU (máquina virtual).

Para instalar el sistema básico de xen hay que ejecutar el siguiente comando:

apt-get install xen-linux-system-2.6.18-5-xen-686 libc6-xen xen-tools bridge-utils

Al final parece que no es tan dificil instalarlo. Vamos a parametrizar un par de cosas más:

#Suele haber en /etc/modules línea con loop, añadir en esa línea “loop max_loop=64″(comprobar que no haya dos líneas loop, esto es para poder montar muchos dispositivos loop)
#echo loop max_loop=64 >>/etc/modules

# editar configuracion de red de xen en /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp
# descomentar línea (network-script network-bridge) y comentar la (network-script network-dummy)
# si tienes poca ram, editar tambien el tamaño de la memoria (por defecto deja 196M de RAM para la
# maquina anfitriona dom0) poner (dom0-min-mem 128)

#crear directorio para contener imagenes de xen
mkdir /home/xen

# configurar xen-tools con las opciones para nuestro sistema:

echo ‘hwcap 0 nosegneg’ > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libc6-xen.conf # configurar las librerías con esto

rebotar y arrancar con el nuevo kernel de xen

Ahora vamos a configurar la herramienta de creación de máquinas virtuales. Para ello ejecutar:

echo dir=/home/xen >>/etc/xen-tools/xen-tools.conf o lvm=nombre volumen lvm
# change de kernel and initrd line to
dist=etch
kernel=/boot/vmlinux-2.6.18-5-xen-686
initrd=/boot/initrd.img-2.6.18-5-xen-686

# Para crear crear primera imagen ejecutar lo siguiente
xen-create-image –hostname=pruebaxen –size=2GB –swap=256Mb –ip=192.168.1.1 –netmask=255.255.255.0 –gateway=192.168.1.2 –force –memory=92Mb –debootstrap

(sería posible que se usasen lvm con –lvm=migrupovolumen)

# al de un buen rato creara toda la imagen y el fichero de configuracion, en nuestro caso /etc/xen/pruebaxen.cfg

# para arrancar la máquina virtual ejecutar:
xm create pruebaxen.cfg

# para conectarse a la consola xm console pruebaxen, para apagarla xm shutdown pruebaxen

# si queremos que arrance automaticamente ejecutar
ln -s /etc/xen/pruebaxen.cfg /etc/xen/auto

Un Live migration es mover una máquina virtual que se está ejecutando desde una máquina física a otra a tiempo real. Para hacer esto es necesario que ambas máquinas físicas tengan acceso al disco virtual y después ejecutar un comando (funciona de puta madre, es más haciendo pings no te enteras de que has cambiado de máquina). Más información sobre esto en:
http://ubanov.wordpress.com/2008/09/14/live-migration-en-xen/ o en https://virt.108.redhat.com/articles/2007/01/15/xen-live-migration.pdf

Si lo que quieres es emular puestos en lugar de servidores mira el siguiente link: http://ubanov.wordpress.com/2008/09/14/virtualizacion-de-escritorios-en-linux/

En Xen es posible asignar un cierto hardware a una de las máquinas virtuales (yo lo he probado montando una tarjeta de Digium en un asterisk sobre máquina virtual y me ha estado funcionado perfectamente). Para hacer hay que decirle al kernel que ignore la tarjeta y configurar en el xen que la tenga asignada una determinada máquina virtual.

Con lspci (del paquete pciutils) buscar id de la tarjeta que quieres asignar, por ejemplo 0:12.0

Hacer que kernel arranque con pciback.hide=(00:12.0) (si quisieras dos tarjetas poner pciback.hide=(00:12.0)(00:13.0)
para ello cambiar fichero /boot/grub/menu.lst
rearrancar
añadir a fichero .cfg de la maquina la línea: pci=['0,12,0']

[en suse no me deja añadirlo al grub, dado que no carga automaticamente el modulo pciback por que no esta probado por novell (de hecho nos deja el kernel en modo tainted).
En su lugar ejecutar "modprobe pciback hide=(00:12.0)"]

la información básica extraida de: http://www.howtoforge.com/ubuntu-7.10-server-install-xen-from-ubuntu-repositories (es para ubuntu pero es muy parecida a la de debian)

script para integrar xen en heartbeat?!?
http://www.novell.com/coolsolutions/tools/19733.html

homepage de xen
http://xen.xensource.com/

4PSA VoipNow: entorno virtualizado para voip

Linux IP PBX server software for hosted IP PBX services and enterprise software PBX

Description

VoIP server software for Service Providers and SMB’s using SIP and IAX protocols. Easy to use and deploy, 4PSA VoipNow helps you increase productivity and reduce communication costs. Advanced features available for hosted PBX services, including prepaid and postpaid billing plans, IVRs, calling cards, callback, call API, conferencing and call center ready.

Last updated: 06/13/2008

Operating system: Linux CentOS 5.1

Applications installed:
VoipNow server 1.6.1 ; Asterisk 1.2.27 ; MySql server 5.0

VMware Tools installed: No

Size: 477MB MB

Primary account
Username: admin
Password: welcome

Submitted by: Virtual Appliances Admin

ocios ISV líderes de la industria, socios de código abierto y la comunidad VMware.

http://www.vmware.com/appliances//

Agrego tambien unas lineas para hablar de trixswitch ISO install package, a CentOS-based CD-ROM image that creates a boot CD that will automatically install CentOS and FreeSWITCH™.

Este iso despues de obtenerlo lo instale usando vmware y lo tengo en periodo de pruebas.

Como poner a funcionar trixbox en una maquina con windows

Aunque no es la mejor opcion, por lo menos sirve para hacer pruebas caseras (en mi opinion) con trixbox, para ello se recomienda usar:

vmware: es un sistema de virtualización por software. Un sistema virtual por software es un programa que simula un sistema físico (un ordenador, un hardware) con unas características hardware determinadas. Cuando se ejecuta el programa (simulador), proporciona un ambiente de ejecución similar a todos los efectos a un ordenador físico (excepto en el puro acceso físico al hardware simulado), con CPU (puede ser más de una), BIOS, tarjeta gráfica, memoria RAM, tarjeta de red, sistema de sonido, conexión USB, disco duro (pueden ser más de uno).

Una imagen de trixbox y obviamente una maquina con windows XP y minimo 384 Mb de RAM (un pentium III estaria bien o equivalente).

1.- El articulo esta por aqui:
http://nerdvittles.com/index.php?p=152

2.- Se baja e instala el vmware de aca:
http://download3.vmware.com/software/vmplayer/VMware-player-1.0.2-29634.exe

3.- Reiniciar windows

4.- Se baja una imagen de trixbox 123 de:
http://nerdvittles.com/dreamhost123.php
esta imagen es un archivo .zip

El link anterior ya no funciona, usen este para bajar la imagen que se necesita:
http://pbxinaflash.net/downloads/

5.- Esta imagen se extrae e instala en c:trixbox

Esto deberia funcionar.

Como por lo general los links tienden a desaparecer y con ellos la informacion que soportan hago un copy/paste de la pagina para que quede como respaldo:

As the old saying goes, “Third Time’s the Charm!” It’s almost Halloween at Nerd Vittles, and today you get a real treat as we introduce the third generation of the free turnkey (aka preconfigured) Asterisk system for Windows: nv-TrixBox-1.2.3. With a few minor changes, this version is about as rock-solid as any Asterisk system on the planet. Of course, the planets do continue to move so be sure to check back here from time to time and review all the newly posted comments. None of our readers are particularly shy when bugs are discovered. As with the prior versions, it runs on the desktop of any Windows XP home or office computer. If you want a state-of-the-art phone system, look no further. Out of the box, it supports eight extensions and two lines with integrated voicemail and immediate email delivery of your incoming voicemail messages. To add additional extensions takes about 5 seconds. This PBX features Asterisk 1.2.12.1 and is just the ticket for a small business or a school or even a fraternity or sorority house. It’s also perfectly suited for your home. You get every imaginable PBX telephony feature including music on hold, call forwarding, and call transfer as well as a preconfigured AutoAttendant which lets your friends and colleagues direct an incoming call to any of your extensions or even your cellphone. For those with the magic password, you can even dial in and get dialtone to make five hours of free calls each week to dozens of countries around the world including all of the U.S. and Canada, most of Europe, South and Central America, Australia and all your Far East favorites including China, Taiwan, Russia, and Japan. And the total cost: about $12.50 for each three months of service. All incoming calls are free, and you even get your very own area code and phone number to pass out to your friends that are still chained to plain old telephones or cellphones. Update: Looking for a similar version for Linux? It’s now available here.

And, yes, all your favorite Nerd Vittles applications are preinstalled and ready to go including weather forecasts for 1,000 airports, MailCall for Asterisk to read you your email messages, NewsClips for Asterisk to read you the news, the AsteriDex robodialer complete with a web interface to place your outbound calls and to serve up customized CallerIDs for your incoming calls, TeleYapper to broadcast reminders and messages to your clients or little league team, and our new GabCast (podcasting) Player for Asterisk. Last but not least, you get all of the bundled TrixBox 1.2.3 applications including SugarCRM, FTP and SSH support, PHP, MySQL, Perl, Apache, SendMail, integrated fax-to-email support, calling card billing, and more. Then we’ve rolled in the latest upgrades of freePBX (2.1.3) and WebMin. And it all runs quite peacefully in a CentOS 4.4 Linux wrapper with the 2.6.9-34 Linux kernel which doesn’t appear to have the voice timing problem that reared its ugly head in TrixBox 1.2. To the Tinkerers of the World, a word of caution: don’t attempt to run yum update or trixbox-update.sh on this build until you hear from us, or you may break it. freePBX updates still are safe using Tools->ModuleAdmin->Connect to Online Repository.

Prerequisites. To take advantage of all this magic, there are only three things you really need that aren’t provided here. First, you’ll want a desktop computer from a reputable manufacturer that is less than two years old. It should be running a fully-patched, current version of Windows XP with at least 384MB of RAM and 6 spare gigs of disk space. The more RAM the better, and 1GB is ideal if you’ll be using your Windows desktop for other simultaneous tasks. Second, a broadband Internet connection with a network firewall/switch that hands out internal IP addresses using DHCP is required. Finally, you’ll need to set up accounts with two Internet Telephony Hosting Providers (ITHPs). And we recommend you go for three! That’s where the $12.50 comes in. Everything else you’ll need can be downloaded at no cost using links in this article. So let’s get started.

Installing the VMware Player. VMware is virtualization software which lets you run another operating system on your desktop. The TrixBox/Asterisk PBX application runs under CentOS Linux which is a RedHat Linux derivative. Your desktop is Windows XP, hence the need for VMware. The VMware Player software is free, and it lets you “play” the nv-trixbox-123 prebundled Linux application in a window on your Windows Desktop. On a current generation PC with plenty of RAM, this VMware application runs as fast as Asterisk on a dedicated Linux machine so don’t worry too much about performance. Based upon our testing, it’s a non-issue. We’re going to provide the preconfigured application (561 megabytes!), but you’ll first need to download the free VMware Player and install it on your Windows system. Just follow the prompts and accept the defaults. Once the install completes, reboot your Windows machine.

Overview. As was true in previous builds, what we’ve done is build a TrixBox system from the ground up. Then we loaded all the Linux, TrixBox, and freePBX updates through version 1.2.3 in addition to the latest build of freepBX. Then we added the dozens of enhancements which we write about each week. Finally we configured the system so that it’s ready to go … out of the box! This version of TrixBox is also unique in that no bugs have (yet) been reported so it should be rock-solid reliable as a production server. And we’ve even found a fix for the VMware timekeeping problem in previous releases. So, once you secure the system with your own passwords, plug in the account names and passwords provided by your ITHPs, and apply a minor security patch to Asterisk and address the VMware timekeeping problem (equally easy!), you’re all set. We’ll walk you through plugging in IP telephones, or regular cordless telephones such as our Vtech favorite (below) using a Sipura SPA-1001 (under $60 on Froogle), or downloading a free IP softphone. And, in about 15 minutes, you’re done! Phones ring, voicemail works, voicemail messages get delivered to your email account, and music on hold works. We’ve even provided a working Stealth AutoAttendant that we’ll tell you about shortly. And, for all our Mac fans, not to worry. VMware will have a player for your shiny, new Intel-based Mac shortly. Sign up for the beta here.